Diagnostic Pathology: Endocrine. Edition: 3

SECTION 1: THYROID NONNEOPLASTIC HEREDITARY/GENETIC/CONGENITAL

4 Thyroglossal Duct Cyst Vania Nosé, MD, PhD and Nicole A. Cipriani, MD 8 Ectopic Thyroid Vania Nosé, MD, PhD 12 Solid Cell Nests Vania Nosé, MD, PhD 16 Dyshormonogenetic Goiter Vania Nosé, MD, PhD

INFECTIOUS

22 Acute Thyroiditis Vania Nosé, MD, PhD

AUTOIMMUNE/INFLAMMATORY

26 Subacute/Granulomatous Thyroiditis Vania Nosé, MD, PhD 32 Palpation Thyroiditis Vania Nosé, MD, PhD and Nicole A. Cipriani, MD 34 IgG4-Related Thyroid Disease Vania Nosé, MD, PhD 38 Riedel Thyroiditis Vania Nosé, MD, PhD 44 Hashimoto Thyroiditis Vania Nosé, MD, PhD 52 Graves Disease (Diffuse Hyperplasia) Suzana Leite, MD and Vania Nosé, MD, PhD 60 Amyloid Goiter Vania Nosé, MD, PhD

REACTIVE

66 Pigments and Crystals, Thyroid Nicole A. Cipriani, MD and Vania Nosé, MD, PhD 72 Post-FNA Site Changes, Thyroid Vania Nosé, MD, PhD and Darcy A. Kerr, MD

NEOPLASTIC FOLLICULAR CELL-DERIVED NEOPLASMS

74 Thyroid Follicular Nodular Disease Vania Nosé, MD, PhD 80 Adenomatous Nodules Vania Nosé, MD, PhD and Lori A. Erickson, MD 86 Follicular Thyroid Adenoma Vania Nosé, MD, PhD and Lori A. Erickson, MD 94  Follicular Thyroid Adenoma With Papillary  Architecture  Vania Nosé, MD, PhD  98  Oncocytic Thyroid Adenoma  Vania Nosé, MD, PhD and Lori A. Erickson, MD  102 Noninvasive Follicular Thyroid Neoplasm With Papillary-Like Nuclear Features Vania Nosé, MD, PhD and Ying-Hsia Chu, MD 112 Hyalinizing Trabecular Tumor of Thyroid Vania Nosé, MD, PhD and Nicole A. Cipriani, MD 118 Follicular Thyroid Carcinoma Vania Nosé, MD, PhD and Lori A. Erickson, MD 128 Oncocytic Thyroid Carcinoma Ying-Hsia Chu, MD and Vania Nosé, MD, PhD 132 Invasive Encapsulated Follicular Variant Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma Vania Nosé, MD, PhD and Lori A. Erickson, MD 140 Kinase Fusion-Related Thyroid Carcinomas Ying-Hsia Chu, MD and Vania Nosé, MD, PhD 148 Follicular Cell-Derived Thyroid Carcinoma, High Grade Nicole A. Cipriani, MD and Vania Nosé, MD, PhD 158 Anaplastic Thyroid Carcinoma Vania Nosé, MD, PhD and Lori A. Erickson, MD 168 Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma Vania Nosé, MD, PhD and Ying-Hsia Chu, MD 182 Classic Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma Vania Nosé, MD, PhD and Julie Guilmette, MD, FRCPC 190 Infiltrative Follicular Variant Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma Vania Nosé, MD, PhD and Lori A. Erickson, MD 194 Macrofollicular Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma Vania Nosé, MD, PhD 200 Diffuse Sclerosing Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma Nicole A. Cipriani, MD and Vania Nosé, MD, PhD 206 Oncocytic Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma Vania Nosé, MD, PhD and Peter M. Sadow, MD, PhD 210 Tall Cell Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma Vania Nosé, MD, PhD and Julie Guilmette, MD, FRCPC 218 Columnar Cell Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma Vania Nosé, MD, PhD and Lori A. Erickson, MD 222 Clear Cell Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma Vania Nosé, MD, PhD and Julie Guilmette, MD, FRCPC 224 Solid/Trabecular Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma Vania Nosé, MD, PhD and Julie Guilmette, MD, FRCPC 228 Hobnail Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma Julie Guilmette, MD, FRCPC and Vania Nosé, MD, PhD 234 Warthin-Like Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma Vania Nosé, MD, PhD

C-CELL-DERIVED TUMORS

240 C-Cell Hyperplasia Vania Nosé, MD, PhD and Adam S. Fisch, MD, PhD 246 Medullary Thyroid Carcinoma Vania Nosé, MD, PhD and Adam S. Fisch, MD, PhD

MIXED MEDULLARY AND FOLLICULAR CELL CARCINOMA

256 Mixed Medullary and Follicular Cell-Derived Thyroid Carcinoma Vania Nosé, MD, PhD and Darcy A. Kerr, MD

THYMIC TUMORS WITHIN THYROID

260 Spindle Epithelial Tumor With Thymus-Like Differentiation Vania Nosé, MD, PhD 266 Intrathyroid Thymic Carcinoma Vania Nosé, MD, PhD

SALIVARY GLAND-LIKE THYROID TUMORS

274 Mucoepidermoid Carcinoma of Thyroid Darcy A. Kerr, MD and Vania Nosé, MD, PhD 278 Secretory Carcinoma of Salivary Gland Type Darcy A. Kerr, MD and Vania Nosé, MD, PhD

HEMATOLYMPHOID TUMORS

282 Lymphoma, Thyroid Judith Ferry, MD 288 Follicular Dendritic Cell Sarcoma, Thyroid Vania Nosé, MD, PhD and Darcy A. Kerr, MD 292 Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis, Thyroid Vania Nosé, MD, PhD and Dipti P. Sajed, MD, PhD

GERM CELL ORIGIN

296 Benign Thyroid Teratoma Vania Nosé, MD, PhD 302 Struma Ovarii, Struma Carcinoid, and Malignant Struma Ovarii Vania Nosé, MD, PhD

EMBRYONAL THYROID TUMORS

310 Thyroblastoma Vania Nosé, MD, PhD and Julie Guilmette, MD, FRCPC

MESENCHYMAL AND STROMAL TUMORS

316 Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumor, Thyroid Vania Nosé, MD, PhD and Darcy A. Kerr, MD 320 Solitary Fibrous Tumor, Thyroid Dipti P. Sajed, MD, PhD and Vania Nosé, MD, PhD 326 Paraganglioma, Thyroid Lori A. Erickson, MD and Vania Nosé, MD, PhD 332 Leiomyoma and Leiomyosarcoma, Thyroid Dipti P. Sajed, MD, PhD and Vania Nosé, MD, PhD 336 Angiosarcoma, Thyroid Dipti P. Sajed, MD, PhD and Vania Nosé, MD, PhD 340 Primary Ewing Sarcoma, Thyroid Dipti P. Sajed, MD, PhD and Vania Nosé, MD, PhD

SECONDARY TUMORS WITHIN THYROID

344 Metastasis to Thyroid Gland Vania Nosé, MD, PhD and Darcy A. Kerr, MD

TUMORS OF UNCERTAIN HISTOGENESIS

350 Cribriform Morular Thyroid Carcinoma Vania Nosé, MD, PhD 360 Sclerosing Mucoepidermoid Carcinoma With Eosinophilia Darcy A. Kerr, MD and Vania Nosé, MD, PhD

MOLECULAR PATHOLOGY OF THYROID NEOPLASMS

366 Molecular Pathology of Thyroid Neoplasms Vania Nosé, MD, PhD and Ying-Hsia Chu, MD

PROTOCOL FOR EXAMINATION OF SPECIMENS FROM PATIENTS WITH CARCINOMA OF THYROID GLAND

372 Thyroid Carcinoma Protocol Vania Nosé, MD, PhD and Julie Guilmette, MD, FRCPC

SECTION 2: PARATHYROID GLAND NONNEOPLASTIC

376 Primary Multiglandular Parathyroid Disease Lori A. Erickson, MD 386 Primary Parathyroid Clear Cell Hyperplasia Lori A. Erickson, MD 390 Secondary Parathyroid Hyperplasia Lori A. Erickson, MD 396 Tertiary Parathyroid Hyperplasia Lori A. Erickson, MD 400 Chronic Parathyroiditis Lori A. Erickson, MD

NEOPLASTIC

404 Parathyroid Adenoma Lori A. Erickson, MD and Vania Nosé, MD, PhD 412 Parathyroid Lipoadenoma Lori A. Erickson, MD 416 Atypical Parathyroid Tumor Vania Nosé, MD, PhD and Lori A. Erickson, MD 422 Parathyroid Carcinoma Vania Nosé, MD, PhD and Lori A. Erickson, MD 432 Metastasis to Parathyroid Gland Lori A. Erickson, MD

SECTION 3: ADRENAL GLANDS ADRENAL CORTICAL NONNEOPLASTIC

438 Adrenal Heterotopia Arthur S. Tischler, MD 440 Adrenal Hypoplasia and Malformations Nada A. Farhat, MD, MA, MPH and Arthur S. Tischler, MD 444 Adrenal Cytomegaly Nada A. Farhat, MD, MA, MPH and Arthur S. Tischler, MD 446 Infectious Disorders, Adrenal Glands Arthur S. Tischler, MD and Nada A. Farhat, MD, MA, MPH 450 Autoimmune Adrenalitis Arthur S. Tischler, MD and Nada A. Farhat, MD, MA, MPH 452 Adrenal Amyloidosis Arthur S. Tischler, MD and Nada A. Farhat, MD, MA, MPH 456 Incidental Adrenal Nodules Nada A. Farhat, MD, MA, MPH and Arthur S. Tischler, MD 460 Adrenal Cysts Nada A. Farhat, MD, MA, MPH and Arthur S. Tischler, MD

ADRENAL CORTICAL NEOPLASTIC

466 Adrenocortical Hyperplasia and Adrenocortical Nodular Disease Nada A. Farhat, MD, MA, MPH and Arthur S. Tischler, MD 472 Primary Pigmented Nodular Adrenocortical Disease Vania Nosé, MD, PhD 478 Nonfunctioning Adrenal Cortical Adenoma Vania Nosé, MD, PhD and Peter M. Sadow, MD, PhD 480 Aldosterone-Producing Adenoma Vania Nosé, MD, PhD and Patricia Nogueira de Sa, MD 486 Cortisol-Secreting Adrenal Cortical Adenoma Vania Nosé, MD, PhD and Peter M. Sadow, MD, PhD 492 Sex Hormone-Producing Adrenal Cortical Adenoma Vania Nosé, MD, PhD and Peter M. Sadow, MD, PhD 494 Oncocytic Adrenal Cortical Adenoma Vania Nosé, MD, PhD and Peter M. Sadow, MD, PhD 498 Adrenal Cortical Carcinoma Vania Nosé, MD, PhD and Ying-Hsia Chu, MD 510 Adrenal Cortical Neoplasms in Children Vania Nosé, MD, PhD

ADRENAL MEDULLA AND PARAGANGLIA 518 Adrenal Medullary Hyperplasia Vania Nosé, MD, PhD 522 Pheochromocytoma and Paraganglioma Vania Nosé, MD, PhD, Arthur S. Tischler, MD, and Ying-Hsia Chu, MD 534 Composite Pheochromocytoma and Composite Paraganglioma Vania Nosé, MD, PhD and Arthur S. Tischler, MD 540 Neuroblastic Tumors of Adrenal Gland Vania Nosé, MD, PhD

ADRENAL MESENCHYMAL AND STROMAL TUMORS 552 Primary Adrenal Myelolipoma Vania Nosé, MD, PhD 556 Primary Adrenal Melanoma Vania Nosé, MD, PhD 560 Primary Adrenal Benign Connective Tissue Tumor Vania Nosé, MD, PhD 562 Primary Adrenal Angiosarcoma Vania Nosé, MD, PhD 566 Primary Adrenal Leiomyosarcoma Vania Nosé, MD, PhD 570 Metastasis to Adrenal Gland Vania Nosé, MD, PhD

PROTOCOL FOR EXAMINATION OF SPECIMENS FROM PATIENTS WITH CARCINOMA OF ADRENAL GLAND 574 Adrenal Cortical Carcinoma Protocol Vania Nosé, MD, PhD

SECTION 4: PITUITARY GLAND NONNEOPLASTIC 578 Hypophysitis, Pituitary Gland M.Beatriz S. Lopes, MD, PhD 582 Hyperplasia, Pituitary Gland M.Beatriz S. Lopes, MD, PhD 584 Sarcoidosis, Pituitary Gland M.Beatriz S. Lopes, MD, PhD and Vania Nosé, MD, PhD 588 Infarction, Pituitary Gland M.Beatriz S. Lopes, MD, PhD 590 Sheehan Syndrome, Pituitary Gland M.Beatriz S. Lopes, MD, PhD 592 Cystic Lesions of Sellar Region M.Beatriz S. Lopes, MD, PhD 596 Empty Sella Syndrome M.Beatriz S. Lopes, MD, PhD

NEOPLASTIC ANTERIOR NEUROENDOCRINE NEOPLASMS 598 Pituitary Neuroendocrine Tumor/Adenoma M.Beatriz S. Lopes, MD, PhD and Vania Nosé, MD, PhD 604 Somatotroph PitNET/Adenoma M.Beatriz S. Lopes, MD, PhD 608 Lactotroph PitNET/Adenoma M.Beatriz S. Lopes, MD, PhD 612 Thyrotroph PitNET/Adenoma M.Beatriz S. Lopes, MD, PhD 616 Plurihormonal PitNET/Adenoma M.Beatriz S. Lopes, MD, PhD 620 Corticotroph PitNET/Adenoma M.Beatriz S. Lopes, MD, PhD 624 Gonadotroph PitNET/Adenoma M.Beatriz S. Lopes, MD, PhD 628 Null Cell PitNET/Adenoma M.Beatriz S. Lopes, MD, PhD 630 Metastatic Pituitary Neuroendocrine Tumor Vania Nosé, MD, PhD and M. Beatriz S. Lopes, MD, PhD

OTHER ANTERIOR PITUITARY TUMORS 634 Adamantinomatous Craniopharyngioma M.Beatriz S. Lopes, MD, PhD 636 Papillary Craniopharyngioma M.Beatriz S. Lopes, MD, PhD 638 Pituitary Blastoma

POSTERIOR PITUITARY NEOPLASMS

642 Pituicytoma, Spindle Cell Oncocytoma, and Granular Cell Tumor of Sella M.Beatriz S. Lopes, MD, PhD

NEURONAL TUMORS

646 Gangliocytoma M.Beatriz S. Lopes, MD, PhD 650 Neuronal Cell Tumors, Pituitary M.Beatriz S. Lopes, MD, PhD

OTHER PITUITARY TUMORS

652 Metastasis to Pituitary Gland M.Beatriz S. Lopes, MD, PhD 654 Mesenchymal and Hematopoietic Tumors, Pituitary Gland M.Beatriz S. Lopes, MD, PhD

PROTOCOL FOR EXAMINATION OF SPECIMENS FROM PATIENTS WITH PRIMARY PITUITARY TUMORS

658 Protocol for Examination of Specimens From Patients With Primary Pituitary Tumors Vania Nosé, MD, PhD and M. Beatriz S. Lopes, MD, PhD

SECTION 5: ENDOCRINE PANCREAS

664 Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Neoplasms Vania Nosé, MD, PhD

PROTOCOL FOR EXAMINATION OF SPECIMENS FROM PATIENTS WITH CARCINOMA OF ENDOCRINE PANCREAS

674 Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Carcinoma Protocol Vania Nosé, MD, PhD

SECTION 6: ENDOCRINE SKIN

678 Merkel Cell Carcinoma Lori A. Erickson, MD

SECTION 7: FAMILIAL TUMORSYNDROMES MAJOR ENDOCRINE GLAND AFFECTED THYROID GLAND

690 DICER1 Syndrome Vania Nosé, MD, PhD and Michelle Menon Miyake, MD 700 Familial Thyroid Carcinoma Vania Nosé, MD, PhD 706 McCune-Albright Syndrome Vania Nosé, MD, PhD 712 Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 2 (MEN2) Vania Nosé, MD, PhD 720 Nonsyndromic Familial Follicular Cell-Derived Thyroid Carcinoma Vania Nosé, MD, PhD 726 PTEN Hamartoma Tumor Syndromes Vania Nosé, MD, PhD 734 Syndromic Familial Follicular Cell-Derived Thyroid Carcinoma Vania Nosé, MD, PhD

PARATHYROID GLAND

742 Familial Isolated Hyperparathyroidism Vania Nosé, MD, PhD and Lori A. Erickson, MD 746 Hyperparathyroidism-Jaw Tumor Syndrome Vania Nosé, MD, PhD and Lori A. Erickson, MD 754 Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 1 (MEN1) Vania Nosé, MD, PhD and Michelle Menon Miyake, MD 762 Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 4 (MEN4) Vania Nosé, MD, PhD and Michelle Menon Miyake, MD

ADRENAL GLAND AND PARAGANGLIA

768 Beckwith-Wiedemann Syndrome Patricia Nogueira de Sa, MD and Vania Nosé, MD, PhD 776 Carney Complex Vania Nosé, MD, PhD 784 Hereditary Neuroblastoma Vania Nosé, MD, PhD 788 Hereditary Paraganglioma/Pheochromocytoma Syndromes Vania Nosé, MD, PhD 796 Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 5,MAX-Related Vania Nosé, MD, PhD 798 Neurofibromatosis Type 1 Michelle Menon Miyake, MD and Vania Nosé, MD, PhD 806 von Hippel-Lindau Syndrome Vania Nosé, MD, PhD 814 SDH-Deficient Pheochromocytoma and Paraganglioma Vania Nosé, MD, PhD and Arthur S. Tischler, MD

PANCREAS

820 Glucagon Cell Hyperplasia and Neoplasia Vania Nosé, MD, PhD 824 Hereditary and Familial Pancreatic Cancer Syndrome Daniel C. Chung, MD and Vania Nosé, MD, PhD 828 MAFA-Related Familial Insulinomatosis Vania Nosé, MD, PhD 830 Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumor Syndromes 842 Ectopic (Paraneoplastic) Syndromes Lori A. Erickson, MD